opengl_wrapper.cpp

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#include "opengl_wrapper.hpp"
#include "system_state.hpp"
#include "simple_fs.hpp"
#include "fonts.hpp"
#include "bmfont.hpp"
 
namespace ogl {
 
std::string_view opengl_get_error_name(GLenum t) {
    switch(t) {
        case GL_INVALID_ENUM:
            return "GL_INVALID_ENUM";
        case GL_INVALID_VALUE:
            return "GL_INVALID_VALUE";
        case GL_INVALID_OPERATION:
            return "GL_INVALID_OPERATION";
        case GL_INVALID_FRAMEBUFFER_OPERATION:
            return "GL_INVALID_FRAMEBUFFER_OPERATION";
        case GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY:
            return "GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY";
        case GL_STACK_UNDERFLOW:
            return "GL_STACK_UNDERFLOW";
        case GL_STACK_OVERFLOW:
            return "GL_STACK_OVERFLOW";
        case GL_NO_ERROR:
            return "GL_NO_ERROR";
        default:
            return "Unknown";
    }
}
 
void notify_user_of_fatal_opengl_error(std::string message) {
    std::string full_message = message;
    full_message += "\n";
    full_message += opengl_get_error_name(glGetError());
    window::emit_error_message("OpenGL error:" + full_message, true);
}
 
 
GLint compile_shader(std::string_view source, GLenum type) {
    GLuint return_value = glCreateShader(type);
 
    if(return_value == 0) {
        notify_user_of_fatal_opengl_error("shader creation failed");
    }
 
    std::string s_source(source);
    GLchar const* texts[] = {
        "#version 140\r\n",
        "#extension GL_ARB_explicit_uniform_location : enable\r\n",
        "#extension GL_ARB_explicit_attrib_location : enable\r\n",
        "#extension GL_ARB_shader_subroutine : enable\r\n",
        "#extension GL_ARB_vertex_array_object : enable\r\n"
        "#define M_PI 3.1415926535897932384626433832795\r\n",
        "#define PI 3.1415926535897932384626433832795\r\n",
        s_source.c_str()
    };
    glShaderSource(return_value, 7, texts, nullptr);
    glCompileShader(return_value);
 
    GLint result;
    glGetShaderiv(return_value, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &result);
    if(result == GL_FALSE) {
        GLint log_length = 0;
        glGetShaderiv(return_value, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &log_length);
 
        auto log = std::unique_ptr<char[]>(new char[static_cast<size_t>(log_length)]);
        GLsizei written = 0;
        glGetShaderInfoLog(return_value, log_length, &written, log.get());
        notify_user_of_fatal_opengl_error(std::string("Shader failed to compile:\n") + log.get());
    }
    return return_value;
}
 
GLuint create_program(std::string_view vertex_shader, std::string_view fragment_shader) {
    GLuint return_value = glCreateProgram();
    if(return_value == 0) {
        notify_user_of_fatal_opengl_error("program creation failed");
    }
 
    auto v_shader = compile_shader(vertex_shader, GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
    auto f_shader = compile_shader(fragment_shader, GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
 
    glAttachShader(return_value, v_shader);
    glAttachShader(return_value, f_shader);
    glLinkProgram(return_value);
 
    GLint result;
    glGetProgramiv(return_value, GL_LINK_STATUS, &result);
    if(result == GL_FALSE) {
        GLint logLen;
        glGetProgramiv(return_value, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &logLen);
 
        char* log = new char[static_cast<size_t>(logLen)];
        GLsizei written;
        glGetProgramInfoLog(return_value, logLen, &written, log);
        notify_user_of_fatal_opengl_error(std::string("Program failed to link:\n") + log);
    }
 
    glDeleteShader(v_shader);
    glDeleteShader(f_shader);
 
    return return_value;
}
 
void load_special_icons(sys::state& state) {
    auto root = get_root(state.common_fs);
    auto gfx_dir = simple_fs::open_directory(root, NATIVE("gfx"));
 
    auto interface_dir = simple_fs::open_directory(gfx_dir, NATIVE("interface"));
    auto money_dds = simple_fs::open_file(interface_dir, NATIVE("icon_money_big.dds"));
    if(money_dds) {
        auto content = simple_fs::view_contents(*money_dds);
        uint32_t size_x, size_y;
        state.open_gl.money_icon_tex = GLuint(ogl::SOIL_direct_load_DDS_from_memory(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t const*>(content.data),
                content.file_size, size_x, size_y, ogl::SOIL_FLAG_TEXTURE_REPEATS));
    }
 
    auto assets_dir = simple_fs::open_directory(root, NATIVE("assets"));
    auto cross_dds = simple_fs::open_file(assets_dir, NATIVE("trigger_not.dds"));
    if(cross_dds) {
        auto content = simple_fs::view_contents(*cross_dds);
        uint32_t size_x, size_y;
        state.open_gl.cross_icon_tex = GLuint(ogl::SOIL_direct_load_DDS_from_memory(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t const*>(content.data),
                content.file_size, size_x, size_y, ogl::SOIL_FLAG_TEXTURE_REPEATS));
    }
    auto cb_cross_dds = simple_fs::open_file(assets_dir, NATIVE("trigger_not_cb.dds"));
    if(cb_cross_dds) {
        auto content = simple_fs::view_contents(*cb_cross_dds);
        uint32_t size_x, size_y;
        state.open_gl.color_blind_cross_icon_tex = GLuint(ogl::SOIL_direct_load_DDS_from_memory(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t const*>(content.data),
            content.file_size, size_x, size_y, ogl::SOIL_FLAG_TEXTURE_REPEATS));
    }
    auto checkmark_dds = simple_fs::open_file(assets_dir, NATIVE("trigger_yes.dds"));
    if(checkmark_dds) {
        auto content = simple_fs::view_contents(*checkmark_dds);
        uint32_t size_x, size_y;
        state.open_gl.checkmark_icon_tex = GLuint(ogl::SOIL_direct_load_DDS_from_memory(
                reinterpret_cast<uint8_t const*>(content.data), content.file_size, size_x, size_y, ogl::SOIL_FLAG_TEXTURE_REPEATS));
    }
 
    auto n_dds = simple_fs::open_file(interface_dir, NATIVE("politics_foreign_naval_units.dds"));
    if(n_dds) {
        auto content = simple_fs::view_contents(*n_dds);
        uint32_t size_x, size_y;
        state.open_gl.navy_icon_tex = GLuint(ogl::SOIL_direct_load_DDS_from_memory(
            reinterpret_cast<uint8_t const*>(content.data), content.file_size, size_x, size_y, ogl::SOIL_FLAG_TEXTURE_REPEATS));
    }
    auto a_dds = simple_fs::open_file(interface_dir, NATIVE("topbar_army.dds"));
    if(a_dds) {
        auto content = simple_fs::view_contents(*a_dds);
        uint32_t size_x, size_y;
        state.open_gl.army_icon_tex = GLuint(ogl::SOIL_direct_load_DDS_from_memory(
            reinterpret_cast<uint8_t const*>(content.data), content.file_size, size_x, size_y, ogl::SOIL_FLAG_TEXTURE_REPEATS));
    }
}
 
std::string_view framebuffer_error(GLenum e) {
    switch(e) {
    case GL_FRAMEBUFFER_UNDEFINED:
        return "GL_FRAMEBUFFER_UNDEFINED";
    case GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_ATTACHMENT:
        return "GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_ATTACHMENT";
    case GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_MISSING_ATTACHMENT:
        return "GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_MISSING_ATTACHMENT ";
    case GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_DRAW_BUFFER:
        return "GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_DRAW_BUFFER";
    case GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_READ_BUFFER:
        return "GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_READ_BUFFER";
    case GL_FRAMEBUFFER_UNSUPPORTED:
        return "GL_FRAMEBUFFER_UNSUPPORTED";
    case GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_MULTISAMPLE:
        return "GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_MULTISAMPLE";
    case GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_LAYER_TARGETS:
        return "GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_LAYER_TARGETS";
    default:
        break;
    }
    return "???";
}
 
void initialize_msaa(sys::state& state, int32_t size_x, int32_t size_y) {
    if(state.user_settings.antialias_level == 0)
        return;
    if(!size_x || !size_y)
        return;
    glEnable(GL_MULTISAMPLE);
    // setup screen VAO
    static const float sq_vertices[] = {
        // positions   // texCoords
        -1.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
        -1.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
         1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        -1.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
         1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
         1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f
    };
    glGenVertexArrays(1, &state.open_gl.msaa_vao);
    glGenBuffers(1, &state.open_gl.msaa_vbo);
    glBindVertexArray(state.open_gl.msaa_vao);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, state.open_gl.msaa_vbo);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(sq_vertices), &sq_vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
    glVertexAttribPointer(0, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 4 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
    glVertexAttribPointer(1, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 4 * sizeof(float), (void*)(2 * sizeof(float)));
    // framebuffer
    glGenFramebuffers(1, &state.open_gl.msaa_framebuffer);
    glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, state.open_gl.msaa_framebuffer);
    // create a multisampled color attachment texture
    glGenTextures(1, &state.open_gl.msaa_texcolorbuffer);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D_MULTISAMPLE, state.open_gl.msaa_texcolorbuffer);
    glTexImage2DMultisample(GL_TEXTURE_2D_MULTISAMPLE, GLsizei(state.user_settings.antialias_level), GL_RGBA, size_x, size_y, GL_TRUE);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D_MULTISAMPLE, 0);
    glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D_MULTISAMPLE, state.open_gl.msaa_texcolorbuffer, 0);
    // create a (also multisampled) renderbuffer object for depth and stencil attachments
    glGenRenderbuffers(1, &state.open_gl.msaa_rbo);
    glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, state.open_gl.msaa_rbo);
    glRenderbufferStorageMultisample(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GLsizei(state.user_settings.antialias_level), GL_DEPTH24_STENCIL8, size_x, size_y);
    glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, 0);
    glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT, GL_RENDERBUFFER, state.open_gl.msaa_rbo);
    if(auto r = glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL_FRAMEBUFFER); r != GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE) {
        //notify_user_of_fatal_opengl_error("MSAA framebuffer wasn't completed: " + std::string(framebuffer_error(r)));
        state.user_settings.antialias_level--;
        deinitialize_msaa(state);
        if(state.user_settings.antialias_level != 0) {
            initialize_msaa(state, size_x, size_y);
        } else {
            state.open_gl.msaa_enabled = false;
        }
        return;
    }
    // configure second post-processing framebuffer
    glGenFramebuffers(1, &state.open_gl.msaa_interbuffer);
    glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, state.open_gl.msaa_interbuffer);
    // create a color attachment texture
    glGenTextures(1, &state.open_gl.msaa_texture);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, state.open_gl.msaa_texture);
    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, size_x, size_y, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, NULL);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
    glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D, state.open_gl.msaa_texture, 0); // we only need a color buffer
    if(auto r = glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL_FRAMEBUFFER); r != GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE) {
        notify_user_of_fatal_opengl_error("MSAA post processing framebuffer wasn't completed: " + std::string(framebuffer_error(r)));
    }
    glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
 
    auto root = get_root(state.common_fs);
    auto msaa_fshader = open_file(root, NATIVE("assets/shaders/glsl/msaa_f_shader.glsl"));
    auto msaa_vshader = open_file(root, NATIVE("assets/shaders/glsl/msaa_v_shader.glsl"));
    if(bool(msaa_fshader) && bool(msaa_vshader)) {
        auto vertex_content = view_contents(*msaa_vshader);
        auto fragment_content = view_contents(*msaa_fshader);
        state.open_gl.msaa_shader_program = create_program(std::string_view(vertex_content.data, vertex_content.file_size), std::string_view(fragment_content.data, fragment_content.file_size));
        state.open_gl.msaa_uniform_screen_size = glGetUniformLocation(state.open_gl.msaa_shader_program, "screen_size");
        state.open_gl.msaa_uniform_gaussian_blur = glGetUniformLocation(state.open_gl.msaa_shader_program, "gaussian_radius");
    } else {
        notify_user_of_fatal_opengl_error("Unable to open a MSAA shaders file");
    }
    state.open_gl.msaa_enabled = true;
}
 
 
void deinitialize_msaa(sys::state& state) {
    if(!state.open_gl.msaa_enabled)
        return;
 
    state.open_gl.msaa_enabled = false;
    if(state.open_gl.msaa_texture)
        glDeleteTextures(1, &state.open_gl.msaa_texture);
    if(state.open_gl.msaa_interbuffer)
        glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &state.open_gl.msaa_framebuffer);
    if(state.open_gl.msaa_rbo)
        glDeleteRenderbuffers(1, &state.open_gl.msaa_rbo);
    if(state.open_gl.msaa_texcolorbuffer)
        glDeleteTextures(1, &state.open_gl.msaa_texcolorbuffer);
    if(state.open_gl.msaa_framebuffer)
        glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &state.open_gl.msaa_framebuffer);
    if(state.open_gl.msaa_vbo)
        glDeleteBuffers(1, &state.open_gl.msaa_vbo);
    if(state.open_gl.msaa_vao)
        glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &state.open_gl.msaa_vao);
    if(state.open_gl.msaa_shader_program)
        glDeleteProgram(state.open_gl.msaa_shader_program);
    glDisable(GL_MULTISAMPLE);
}
 
void initialize_opengl(sys::state& state) {
    create_opengl_context(state);
 
    glProvokingVertex(GL_FIRST_VERTEX_CONVENTION);
    glEnable(GL_LINE_SMOOTH);
 
    load_shaders(state); // create shaders
    load_global_squares(state); // create various squares to drive the shaders with
 
    state.flag_type_map.resize(size_t(culture::flag_type::count), 0);
    // Create the remapping for flags
    state.world.for_each_national_identity([&](dcon::national_identity_id ident_id) {
        auto fat_id = dcon::fatten(state.world, ident_id);
        auto nat_id = fat_id.get_nation_from_identity_holder().id;
        for(auto gov_id : state.world.in_government_type) {
            state.flag_types.push_back(culture::flag_type(gov_id.get_flag()));
        }
    });
    // Eliminate duplicates
    std::sort(state.flag_types.begin(), state.flag_types.end());
    state.flag_types.erase(std::unique(state.flag_types.begin(), state.flag_types.end()), state.flag_types.end());
 
    // Automatically assign texture offsets to the flag_types
    auto id = 0;
    for(auto type : state.flag_types)
        state.flag_type_map[uint32_t(type)] = uint8_t(id++);
    assert(state.flag_type_map[0] == 0); // default_flag
 
    // Allocate textures for the flags
    state.open_gl.asset_textures.resize(
            state.ui_defs.textures.size() + (state.world.national_identity_size() + 1) * state.flag_types.size());
 
    state.map_state.load_map(state);
 
    load_special_icons(state);
 
    initialize_msaa(state, window::creation_parameters().size_x, window::creation_parameters().size_y);
}
 
static const GLfloat global_square_data[] = {
    0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
    0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
    1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
    1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f
};
static const GLfloat global_square_right_data[] = {
    0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
    0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
    1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
    1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f
};
static const GLfloat global_square_left_data[] = {
    0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
    0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
    1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
    1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f
};
static const GLfloat global_square_flipped_data[] = {
    0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
    0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
    1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
    1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f
};
static const GLfloat global_square_right_flipped_data[] = {
    0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
    0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
    1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
    1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f
};
static const GLfloat global_square_left_flipped_data[] = {
    0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
    0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
    1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
    1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f
};
 
//RTL squares
static const GLfloat global_rtl_square_data[] = {
    0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
    0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
    1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
    1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f
};
static const GLfloat global_rtl_square_right_data[] = {
    0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
    0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
    1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
    1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f
};
static const GLfloat global_rtl_square_left_data[] = {
    0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
    0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
    1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
    1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f
};
static const GLfloat global_rtl_square_flipped_data[] = {
    0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
    0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
    1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
    1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f
};
static const GLfloat global_rtl_square_right_flipped_data[] = {
    0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
    0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
    1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
    1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f
};
static const GLfloat global_rtl_square_left_flipped_data[] = {
    0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
    0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
    1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
    1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f
};
 
void load_shaders(sys::state& state) {
    auto root = get_root(state.common_fs);
    auto ui_fshader = open_file(root, NATIVE("assets/shaders/glsl/ui_f_shader.glsl"));
    auto ui_vshader = open_file(root, NATIVE("assets/shaders/glsl/ui_v_shader.glsl"));
    if(bool(ui_fshader) && bool(ui_vshader)) {
        auto vertex_content = view_contents(*ui_vshader);
        auto fragment_content = view_contents(*ui_fshader);
        state.open_gl.ui_shader_program = create_program(std::string_view(vertex_content.data, vertex_content.file_size), std::string_view(fragment_content.data, fragment_content.file_size));
 
        state.open_gl.ui_shader_texture_sampler_uniform = glGetUniformLocation(state.open_gl.ui_shader_program, "texture_sampler");
        state.open_gl.ui_shader_secondary_texture_sampler_uniform = glGetUniformLocation(state.open_gl.ui_shader_program, "secondary_texture_sampler");
        state.open_gl.ui_shader_screen_width_uniform = glGetUniformLocation(state.open_gl.ui_shader_program, "screen_width");
        state.open_gl.ui_shader_screen_height_uniform = glGetUniformLocation(state.open_gl.ui_shader_program, "screen_height");
        state.open_gl.ui_shader_gamma_uniform = glGetUniformLocation(state.open_gl.ui_shader_program, "gamma");
 
        state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform = glGetUniformLocation(state.open_gl.ui_shader_program, "d_rect");
        state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform = glGetUniformLocation(state.open_gl.ui_shader_program, "subroutines_index");
        state.open_gl.ui_shader_inner_color_uniform = glGetUniformLocation(state.open_gl.ui_shader_program, "inner_color");
        state.open_gl.ui_shader_subrect_uniform = glGetUniformLocation(state.open_gl.ui_shader_program, "subrect");
        state.open_gl.ui_shader_border_size_uniform = glGetUniformLocation(state.open_gl.ui_shader_program, "border_size");
    } else {
        notify_user_of_fatal_opengl_error("Unable to open a necessary shader file");
    }
}
 
void load_global_squares(sys::state& state) {
    // Populate the position buffer
    glGenBuffers(1, &state.open_gl.global_square_buffer);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, state.open_gl.global_square_buffer);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(GLfloat) * 16, global_square_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    //RTL version
    glGenBuffers(1, &state.open_gl.global_rtl_square_buffer);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, state.open_gl.global_rtl_square_buffer);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(GLfloat) * 16, global_rtl_square_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
 
    glGenVertexArrays(1, &state.open_gl.global_square_vao);
    glBindVertexArray(state.open_gl.global_square_vao);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(0); // position
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(1); // texture coordinates
 
    glBindVertexBuffer(0, state.open_gl.global_square_buffer, 0, sizeof(GLfloat) * 4);
 
    glVertexAttribFormat(0, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0);                                   // position
    glVertexAttribFormat(1, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(GLfloat) * 2); // texture coordinates
    glVertexAttribBinding(0, 0);                                                                                 // position -> to array zero
    glVertexAttribBinding(1, 0);                                                                                 // texture coordinates -> to array zero
 
    glGenBuffers(1, &state.open_gl.global_square_left_buffer);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, state.open_gl.global_square_left_buffer);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(GLfloat) * 16, global_square_left_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
 
    glGenBuffers(1, &state.open_gl.global_square_right_buffer);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, state.open_gl.global_square_right_buffer);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(GLfloat) * 16, global_square_right_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
 
    glGenBuffers(1, &state.open_gl.global_square_right_flipped_buffer);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, state.open_gl.global_square_right_flipped_buffer);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(GLfloat) * 16, global_square_right_flipped_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
 
    glGenBuffers(1, &state.open_gl.global_square_left_flipped_buffer);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, state.open_gl.global_square_left_flipped_buffer);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(GLfloat) * 16, global_square_left_flipped_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
 
    glGenBuffers(1, &state.open_gl.global_square_flipped_buffer);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, state.open_gl.global_square_flipped_buffer);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(GLfloat) * 16, global_square_flipped_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
 
    //RTL mode squares
    glGenBuffers(1, &state.open_gl.global_rtl_square_left_buffer);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, state.open_gl.global_rtl_square_left_buffer);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(GLfloat) * 16, global_rtl_square_left_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
 
    glGenBuffers(1, &state.open_gl.global_rtl_square_right_buffer);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, state.open_gl.global_rtl_square_right_buffer);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(GLfloat) * 16, global_rtl_square_right_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
 
    glGenBuffers(1, &state.open_gl.global_rtl_square_right_flipped_buffer);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, state.open_gl.global_rtl_square_right_flipped_buffer);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(GLfloat) * 16, global_rtl_square_right_flipped_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
 
    glGenBuffers(1, &state.open_gl.global_rtl_square_left_flipped_buffer);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, state.open_gl.global_rtl_square_left_flipped_buffer);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(GLfloat) * 16, global_rtl_square_left_flipped_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
 
    glGenBuffers(1, &state.open_gl.global_rtl_square_flipped_buffer);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, state.open_gl.global_rtl_square_flipped_buffer);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(GLfloat) * 16, global_rtl_square_flipped_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
 
    glGenBuffers(64, state.open_gl.sub_square_buffers);
    for(uint32_t i = 0; i < 64; ++i) {
        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, state.open_gl.sub_square_buffers[i]);
 
        float const cell_x = static_cast<float>(i & 7) / 8.0f;
        float const cell_y = static_cast<float>((i >> 3) & 7) / 8.0f;
 
        GLfloat global_sub_square_data[] = {0.0f, 0.0f, cell_x, cell_y, 0.0f, 1.0f, cell_x, cell_y + 1.0f / 8.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
                cell_x + 1.0f / 8.0f, cell_y + 1.0f / 8.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, cell_x + 1.0f / 8.0f, cell_y};
 
        glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(GLfloat) * 16, global_sub_square_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    }
}
 
inline auto map_color_modification_to_index(color_modification e) {
    switch(e) {
    case color_modification::disabled:
        return parameters::disabled;
    case color_modification::interactable:
        return parameters::interactable;
    case color_modification::interactable_disabled:
        return parameters::interactable_disabled;
    default:
    case color_modification::none:
        return parameters::enabled;
    }
}
 
void bind_vertices_by_rotation(sys::state const& state, ui::rotation r, bool flipped, bool rtl) {
    switch(r) {
    case ui::rotation::upright:
        if(!flipped)
            glBindVertexBuffer(0, rtl ? state.open_gl.global_rtl_square_buffer : state.open_gl.global_square_buffer, 0, sizeof(GLfloat) * 4);
        else
            glBindVertexBuffer(0, rtl ? state.open_gl.global_rtl_square_flipped_buffer : state.open_gl.global_square_flipped_buffer, 0, sizeof(GLfloat) * 4);
        break;
    case ui::rotation::r90_left:
        if(!flipped)
            glBindVertexBuffer(0, rtl ? state.open_gl.global_rtl_square_left_buffer: state.open_gl.global_square_left_buffer, 0, sizeof(GLfloat) * 4);
        else
            glBindVertexBuffer(0, rtl ? state.open_gl.global_rtl_square_left_flipped_buffer : state.open_gl.global_square_left_flipped_buffer, 0, sizeof(GLfloat) * 4);
        break;
    case ui::rotation::r90_right:
        if(!flipped)
            glBindVertexBuffer(0, rtl ? state.open_gl.global_rtl_square_right_buffer : state.open_gl.global_square_right_buffer, 0, sizeof(GLfloat) * 4);
        else
            glBindVertexBuffer(0, rtl ? state.open_gl.global_rtl_square_right_flipped_buffer : state.open_gl.global_square_right_flipped_buffer, 0, sizeof(GLfloat) * 4);
        break;
    }
}
 
void render_simple_rect(sys::state const& state, float x, float y, float width, float height, ui::rotation r, bool flipped, bool rtl) {
    glBindVertexArray(state.open_gl.global_square_vao);
    bind_vertices_by_rotation(state, r, flipped, rtl);
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, x, y, width, height);
    GLuint subroutines[2] = { map_color_modification_to_index(color_modification::none), parameters::linegraph_color };
    glUniform2ui(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform, subroutines[0], subroutines[1]);
    //glUniformSubroutinesuiv(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, 2, subroutines); // must set all subroutines in one call
    glLineWidth(2.0f);
    glUniform3f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_inner_color_uniform, 1.f, 0.f, 0.f);
    glDrawArrays(GL_LINE_STRIP, 0, 4);
}
 
void render_textured_rect(sys::state const& state, color_modification enabled, float x, float y, float width, float height,
        GLuint texture_handle, ui::rotation r, bool flipped, bool rtl) {
    glBindVertexArray(state.open_gl.global_square_vao);
 
    bind_vertices_by_rotation(state, r, flipped, rtl);
 
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, x, y, width, height);
    // glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, 0, 0, width, height);
 
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture_handle);
 
    GLuint subroutines[2] = {map_color_modification_to_index(enabled), parameters::no_filter};
    glUniform2ui(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform, subroutines[0], subroutines[1]);
    //glUniformSubroutinesuiv(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, 2, subroutines); // must set all subroutines in one call
 
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 4);
}
 
void render_textured_rect_direct(sys::state const& state, float x, float y, float width, float height, uint32_t handle) {
    glBindVertexArray(state.open_gl.global_square_vao);
 
    glBindVertexBuffer(0, state.open_gl.global_square_buffer, 0, sizeof(GLfloat) * 4);
 
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, x, y, width, height);
 
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, handle);
 
    GLuint subroutines[2] = {parameters::enabled, parameters::no_filter};
    glUniform2ui(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform, subroutines[0], subroutines[1]);
    //glUniformSubroutinesuiv(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, 2, subroutines); // must set all subroutines in one call
 
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 4);
}
 
void render_linegraph(sys::state const& state, color_modification enabled, float x, float y, float width, float height,
        lines& l) {
    glBindVertexArray(state.open_gl.global_square_vao);
 
    l.bind_buffer();
 
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, x, y, width, height);
    GLuint subroutines[2] = { map_color_modification_to_index(enabled), parameters::linegraph };
    glUniform2ui(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform, subroutines[0], subroutines[1]);
    //glUniformSubroutinesuiv(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, 2, subroutines); // must set all subroutines in one call
 
    if(state.user_settings.color_blind_mode != sys::color_blind_mode::none
    && state.user_settings.color_blind_mode != sys::color_blind_mode::achroma) {
        glLineWidth(4.0f);
        glUniform3f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_inner_color_uniform, 0.f, 0.f, 0.f);
        glDrawArrays(GL_LINE_STRIP, 0, static_cast<GLsizei>(l.count));
    }
    glLineWidth(2.0f);
    if(state.user_settings.color_blind_mode == sys::color_blind_mode::achroma) {
        glUniform3f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_inner_color_uniform, 0.f, 0.f, 0.f);
    } else if(state.user_settings.color_blind_mode == sys::color_blind_mode::tritan) {
        glUniform3f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_inner_color_uniform, 1.f, 1.f, 0.f);
    } else if(state.user_settings.color_blind_mode == sys::color_blind_mode::deutan || state.user_settings.color_blind_mode == sys::color_blind_mode::protan) {
        glUniform3f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_inner_color_uniform, 1.f, 1.f, 1.f);
    } else {
        glUniform3f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_inner_color_uniform, 1.f, 1.f, 0.f);
    }
    glDrawArrays(GL_LINE_STRIP, 0, static_cast<GLsizei>(l.count));
}
 
void render_linegraph(sys::state const& state, color_modification enabled, float x, float y, float width, float height, float r, float g, float b,
        lines& l) {
    glBindVertexArray(state.open_gl.global_square_vao);
 
    l.bind_buffer();
 
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, x, y, width, height);
    GLuint subroutines[2] = { map_color_modification_to_index(enabled), parameters::linegraph_color };
    glUniform2ui(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform, subroutines[0], subroutines[1]);
    //glUniformSubroutinesuiv(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, 2, subroutines); // must set all subroutines in one call
 
    if(state.user_settings.color_blind_mode != sys::color_blind_mode::none
    && state.user_settings.color_blind_mode != sys::color_blind_mode::achroma) {
        glLineWidth(4.0f);
        glUniform3f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_inner_color_uniform, 0.f, 0.f, 0.f);
        glDrawArrays(GL_LINE_STRIP, 0, static_cast<GLsizei>(l.count));
    }
    glLineWidth(2.0f);
    glUniform3f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_inner_color_uniform, r, g, b);
    glDrawArrays(GL_LINE_STRIP, 0, static_cast<GLsizei>(l.count));
}
 
void render_barchart(sys::state const& state, color_modification enabled, float x, float y, float width, float height,
        data_texture& t, ui::rotation r, bool flipped, bool rtl) {
    glBindVertexArray(state.open_gl.global_square_vao);
 
    bind_vertices_by_rotation(state, r, flipped, rtl);
 
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, x, y, width, height);
 
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, t.handle());
 
    GLuint subroutines[2] = {map_color_modification_to_index(enabled), parameters::barchart};
    glUniform2ui(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform, subroutines[0], subroutines[1]);
    //glUniformSubroutinesuiv(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, 2, subroutines); // must set all subroutines in one call
 
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 4);
}
 
void render_piechart(sys::state const& state, color_modification enabled, float x, float y, float size, data_texture& t) {
    glBindVertexArray(state.open_gl.global_square_vao);
 
    glBindVertexBuffer(0, state.open_gl.global_square_buffer, 0, sizeof(GLfloat) * 4);
 
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, x, y, size, size);
 
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, t.handle());
 
    GLuint subroutines[2] = {map_color_modification_to_index(enabled), parameters::piechart};
    glUniform2ui(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform, subroutines[0], subroutines[1]);
    //glUniformSubroutinesuiv(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, 2, subroutines); // must set all subroutines in one call
 
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 4);
}
 
void render_bordered_rect(sys::state const& state, color_modification enabled, float border_size, float x, float y, float width,
        float height, GLuint texture_handle, ui::rotation r, bool flipped, bool rtl) {
    glBindVertexArray(state.open_gl.global_square_vao);
 
    bind_vertices_by_rotation(state, r, flipped, rtl);
 
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, x, y, width, height);
    glUniform1f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_border_size_uniform, border_size);
 
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture_handle);
 
    GLuint subroutines[2] = {map_color_modification_to_index(enabled), parameters::frame_stretch};
    glUniform2ui(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform, subroutines[0], subroutines[1]);
    //glUniformSubroutinesuiv(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, 2, subroutines); // must set all subroutines in one call
 
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 4);
}
 
void render_masked_rect(sys::state const& state, color_modification enabled, float x, float y, float width, float height,
        GLuint texture_handle, GLuint mask_texture_handle, ui::rotation r, bool flipped, bool rtl) {
    glBindVertexArray(state.open_gl.global_square_vao);
 
    bind_vertices_by_rotation(state, r, flipped, rtl);
 
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, x, y, width, height);
 
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture_handle);
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, mask_texture_handle);
 
    GLuint subroutines[2] = {map_color_modification_to_index(enabled), parameters::use_mask};
    glUniform2ui(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform, subroutines[0], subroutines[1]);
    //glUniformSubroutinesuiv(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, 2, subroutines); // must set all subroutines in one call
 
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 4);
}
 
void render_progress_bar(sys::state const& state, color_modification enabled, float progress, float x, float y, float width,
        float height, GLuint left_texture_handle, GLuint right_texture_handle, ui::rotation r, bool flipped, bool rtl) {
    glBindVertexArray(state.open_gl.global_square_vao);
 
    bind_vertices_by_rotation(state, r, flipped, rtl);
 
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, x, y, width, height);
    glUniform1f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_border_size_uniform, progress);
 
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, left_texture_handle);
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, right_texture_handle);
 
    GLuint subroutines[2] = {map_color_modification_to_index(enabled), parameters::progress_bar};
    glUniform2ui(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform, subroutines[0], subroutines[1]);
    //glUniformSubroutinesuiv(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, 2, subroutines); // must set all subroutines in one call
 
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 4);
}
 
void render_tinted_textured_rect(sys::state const& state, float x, float y, float width, float height, float r, float g, float b,
        GLuint texture_handle, ui::rotation rot, bool flipped, bool rtl) {
    glBindVertexArray(state.open_gl.global_square_vao);
 
    bind_vertices_by_rotation(state, rot, flipped, rtl);
 
    glUniform3f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_inner_color_uniform, r, g, b);
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, x, y, width, height);
 
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture_handle);
 
    GLuint subroutines[2] = {parameters::tint, parameters::no_filter};
    glUniform2ui(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform, subroutines[0], subroutines[1]);
    //glUniformSubroutinesuiv(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, 2, subroutines); // must set all subroutines in one call
 
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 4);
}
 
void render_tinted_rect(
    sys::state const& state,
    float x, float y, float width, float height,
    float r, float g, float b,
    ui::rotation rot, bool flipped, bool rtl
) {
    glBindVertexArray(state.open_gl.global_square_vao);
    bind_vertices_by_rotation(state, rot, flipped, rtl);
    glUniform3f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_inner_color_uniform, r, g, b);
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, x, y, width, height);
    GLuint subroutines[2] = { parameters::tint, parameters::transparent_color };
    glUniform2ui(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform, subroutines[0], subroutines[1]);
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 4);
}
 
void render_tinted_subsprite(sys::state const& state, int frame, int total_frames, float x, float y,
        float width, float height, float r, float g, float b, GLuint texture_handle, ui::rotation rot, bool flipped,
        bool rtl) {
    glBindVertexArray(state.open_gl.global_square_vao);
 
    bind_vertices_by_rotation(state, rot, flipped, rtl);
 
    auto const scale = 1.0f / static_cast<float>(total_frames);
    glUniform3f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_inner_color_uniform, static_cast<float>(frame) * scale, scale, 0.0f);
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subrect_uniform, r, g, b, 0);
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, x, y, width, height);
 
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture_handle);
 
    GLuint subroutines[2] = { parameters::alternate_tint, parameters::sub_sprite };
    glUniform2ui(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform, subroutines[0], subroutines[1]);
    //glUniformSubroutinesuiv(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, 2, subroutines); // must set all subroutines in one call
 
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 4);
}
 
void render_subsprite(sys::state const& state, color_modification enabled, int frame, int total_frames, float x, float y,
        float width, float height, GLuint texture_handle, ui::rotation r, bool flipped, bool rtl) {
    glBindVertexArray(state.open_gl.global_square_vao);
 
    bind_vertices_by_rotation(state, r, flipped, rtl);
 
    auto const scale = 1.0f / static_cast<float>(total_frames);
    glUniform3f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_inner_color_uniform, static_cast<float>(frame) * scale, scale, 0.0f);
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, x, y, width, height);
 
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture_handle);
 
    GLuint subroutines[2] = {map_color_modification_to_index(enabled), parameters::sub_sprite};
    glUniform2ui(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform, subroutines[0], subroutines[1]);
    //glUniformSubroutinesuiv(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, 2, subroutines); // must set all subroutines in one call
 
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 4);
}
 
 
GLuint get_flag_texture_handle_from_tag(sys::state& state, const char tag[3]) {
    char ltag[3];
    ltag[0] = char(toupper(tag[0]));
    ltag[1] = char(toupper(tag[1]));
    ltag[2] = char(toupper(tag[2]));
    dcon::national_identity_id ident{};
    state.world.for_each_national_identity([&](dcon::national_identity_id id) {
        auto curr = nations::int_to_tag(state.world.national_identity_get_identifying_int(id));
        if(curr[0] == ltag[0] && curr[1] == ltag[1] && curr[2] == ltag[2]) {
            ident = id;
        }
    });
    if(!bool(ident)) {
        // QOL: We will print the text instead of displaying the flag, for ease of viewing invalid tags
        return 0;
    }
    auto fat_id = dcon::fatten(state.world, ident);
    auto nation = fat_id.get_nation_from_identity_holder();
    culture::flag_type flag_type = culture::flag_type{};
    if(bool(nation.id) && nation.get_owned_province_count() != 0) {
        flag_type = culture::get_current_flag_type(state, nation.id);
    } else {
        flag_type = culture::get_current_flag_type(state, ident);
    }
    return ogl::get_flag_handle(state, ident, flag_type);
}
 
bool display_tag_is_valid(sys::state& state, char tag[3]) {
    tag[0] = char(toupper(tag[0]));
    tag[1] = char(toupper(tag[1]));
    tag[2] = char(toupper(tag[2]));
    dcon::national_identity_id ident{};
    state.world.for_each_national_identity([&](dcon::national_identity_id id) {
        auto curr = nations::int_to_tag(state.world.national_identity_get_identifying_int(id));
        if(curr[0] == tag[0] && curr[1] == tag[1] && curr[2] == tag[2])
            ident = id;
    });
    return bool(ident);
}
 
void render_text_icon(sys::state& state, text::embedded_icon ico, float x, float baseline_y, float font_size, text::font& f, ogl::color_modification cmod) {
    float scale = 1.f;
    float icon_baseline = baseline_y + (f.internal_ascender / 64.f * font_size) - font_size;
 
    bind_vertices_by_rotation(state, ui::rotation::upright, false, false);
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    
    switch(ico) {
    case text::embedded_icon::army:
        scale = 1.3f;
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, state.open_gl.army_icon_tex );
        break;
    case text::embedded_icon::navy:
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D,  state.open_gl.navy_icon_tex);
        scale = 1.3f;
        break;
    case text::embedded_icon::check:
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, state.open_gl.checkmark_icon_tex);
        icon_baseline += font_size * 0.1f;
        break;
    case text::embedded_icon::xmark:
    {
        GLuint false_icon = (state.user_settings.color_blind_mode == sys::color_blind_mode::deutan || state.user_settings.color_blind_mode == sys::color_blind_mode::protan)
            ? state.open_gl.color_blind_cross_icon_tex
            : state.open_gl.cross_icon_tex;
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, false_icon);
        icon_baseline += font_size * 0.1f;
        break;
    }
    }
 
    GLuint icon_subroutines[2] = { map_color_modification_to_index(cmod), parameters::no_filter };
    glUniform2ui(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform, icon_subroutines[0], icon_subroutines[1]);
    //glUniformSubroutinesuiv(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, 2, icon_subroutines); // must set all subroutines in one call
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, x, icon_baseline, scale * font_size, scale * font_size);
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subrect_uniform, 0.f, 1.f, 0.f, 1.f);
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 4);
}
 
void render_text_flag(sys::state& state, text::embedded_flag ico, float x, float baseline_y, float font_size, text::font& f, ogl::color_modification cmod) {
    float icon_baseline = baseline_y + (f.internal_ascender / 64.f * font_size) - font_size;
 
    auto fat_id = dcon::fatten(state.world, ico.tag);
    auto nation = fat_id.get_nation_from_identity_holder();
    culture::flag_type flag_type = culture::flag_type{};
    if(bool(nation.id) && nation.get_owned_province_count() != 0) {
        flag_type = culture::get_current_flag_type(state, nation.id);
    } else {
        flag_type = culture::get_current_flag_type(state, ico.tag);
    }
    GLuint flag_texture_handle = ogl::get_flag_handle(state, ico.tag, flag_type);
 
    GLuint icon_subroutines[2] = { map_color_modification_to_index(cmod), parameters::no_filter };
    glUniform2ui(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform, icon_subroutines[0], icon_subroutines[1]);
    //glUniformSubroutinesuiv(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, 2, icon_subroutines); // must set all subroutines in one call
    bind_vertices_by_rotation(state, ui::rotation::upright, false, false);
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, flag_texture_handle);
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, x, icon_baseline + font_size * 0.15f, 1.5f * font_size * 0.9f,  font_size * 0.9f);
    glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subrect_uniform, 0.f, 1.f, 0.f, 1.f);
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 4);
}
 
void render_text_unit_icon(sys::state& state, text::embedded_unit_icon ico, float x, float baseline_y, float font_size, text::font& f, ogl::color_modification cmod) {
    float icon_baseline = baseline_y + (f.internal_ascender / 64.f * font_size) - font_size;
 
    auto id = ico.unit_type;
 
    auto gfx_id =
        state.ui_defs.gui[
            state.ui_state.defs_by_name.find(
                state.lookup_key("gfx_storage_unit_types")
            )->second.definition
        ].data.image.gfx_object;
 
    auto& gfx_def = state.ui_defs.gfx[gfx_id];
 
    auto frame = state.military_definitions.unit_base_definitions[id].icon - 1;
 
    render_subsprite(
        state,
        cmod,
        frame,
        gfx_def.number_of_frames,
        float(x),
        baseline_y,
        font_size,
        font_size,
        ogl::get_texture_handle(state, gfx_def.primary_texture_handle, gfx_def.is_partially_transparent()),
        ui::rotation::upright,
        gfx_def.is_vertically_flipped(),
        false
    );
}
 
void internal_text_render(sys::state& state, text::stored_glyphs const& txt, float x, float baseline_y, float size, text::font& f) {
    GLuint subroutines[2] = { map_color_modification_to_index(ogl::color_modification::none), parameters::filter };
    glUniform2ui(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform, subroutines[0], subroutines[1]);
    //glUniformSubroutinesuiv(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, 2, subroutines); // must set all subroutines in one call
 
    unsigned int glyph_count = static_cast<unsigned int>(txt.glyph_info.size());
    for(unsigned int i = 0; i < glyph_count; i++) {
        hb_codepoint_t glyphid = txt.glyph_info[i].codepoint;
        auto gso = f.glyph_positions[glyphid];
        float x_advance = float(txt.glyph_info[i].x_advance) / (float((1 << 6) * text::magnification_factor));
        float x_offset = float(txt.glyph_info[i].x_offset) / (float((1 << 6) * text::magnification_factor)) + float(gso.x);
        float y_offset = float(gso.y) - float(txt.glyph_info[i].y_offset) / (float((1 << 6) * text::magnification_factor));
        glBindVertexBuffer(0, state.open_gl.sub_square_buffers[gso.texture_slot & 63], 0, sizeof(GLfloat) * 4);
        assert(uint32_t(gso.texture_slot >> 6) < f.textures.size());
        assert(f.textures[gso.texture_slot >> 6]);
        glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, f.textures[gso.texture_slot >> 6]);
        glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, x + x_offset * size / 64.f, baseline_y + y_offset * size / 64.f, size, size);
        glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 4);
        x += x_advance * size / 64.f;
        baseline_y -= (float(txt.glyph_info[i].y_advance) / (float((1 << 6) * text::magnification_factor))) * size / 64.f;
    }
}
 
void render_classic_text(sys::state& state, text::stored_glyphs const& txt, float x, float y, float size, color_modification enabled, color3f const& c, text::bm_font const& font, text::font& base_font) {
    std::string codepoints = "";
    for(uint32_t i = 0; i < uint32_t(txt.glyph_info.size()); i++) {
        codepoints.push_back(char(txt.glyph_info[i].codepoint));
    }
    uint32_t count = uint32_t(codepoints.length());
 
    float adv = 1.0f / font.width; // Font texture atlas spacing.
    bind_vertices_by_rotation(state, ui::rotation::upright, false, false);
    GLuint subroutines[2] = { map_color_modification_to_index(enabled), parameters::subsprite_b };
    glUniform2ui(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subroutines_index_uniform, subroutines[0], subroutines[1]);
    //glUniformSubroutinesuiv(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, 2, subroutines); // must set all subroutines in one call
 
    // Set Text Color, all one color for now.
    //------ FOR SCHOMBERT ------//
    // Every iteration of this loop draws one character of the string 'fmt'.
    //'texlst' contains information for each vertex of each rectangle for each character.
    // Every 4 elements in 'texlst' is one complete rectangle, and one character.
    //'texlst[i].texx' and 'texlst[i].texy' are the intended texture coordinates of a vertex on the texture.
    //'texlst[i].x' and 'texlst[i].y' are the coordinates of a vertex of the rendered rectangle in the window.
    // The color variables are unused currently.
    //
    // Spacing, kearning, etc. are already applied.
    // Scaling (unintentionally) is also applied (by whatever part of Alice scales the normal fonts).
 
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, font.ftexid);
 
    for(uint32_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
        uint8_t ch = uint8_t(codepoints[i]);
        if(i != 0 && i < count - 1 && ch == 0xC2 && uint8_t(codepoints[i + 1]) == 0xA3) {
            ch = 0xA3;
            i++;
        } else if(ch == 0xA4) {
            ch = 0xA3;
        }
        auto const& f = font.chars[ch];
        float CurX = x + f.x_offset;
        float CurY = y + f.y_offset;
        glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_d_rect_uniform, CurX, CurY, float(f.width), float(f.height));
        glUniform3f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_inner_color_uniform, c.r, c.g, c.b);
        glUniform4f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_subrect_uniform, float(f.x) / float(font.width) /* x offset */,
                float(f.width) / float(font.width) /* x width */, float(f.y) / float(font.width) /* y offset */,
                float(f.height) / float(font.width) /* y height */
        );
        glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 4);
        //float x_advance = float(txt.glyph_pos[i].x_advance) / (float((1 << 6) * text::magnification_factor));
        x += f.x_advance;
    }
}
 
void render_new_text(sys::state& state, text::stored_glyphs const& txt, color_modification enabled, float x, float y, float size, color3f const& c, text::font& f) {
    glUniform3f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_inner_color_uniform, c.r, c.g, c.b);
    glUniform1f(state.open_gl.ui_shader_border_size_uniform, 0.08f * 16.0f / size);
    internal_text_render(state, txt, x, y + size, size, f);
}
 
void render_text(sys::state& state, text::stored_glyphs const& txt, color_modification enabled, float x, float y, color3f const& c, uint16_t font_id) {
    auto& font = state.font_collection.get_font(state, text::font_index_from_font_id(state, font_id));
    if(state.user_settings.use_classic_fonts) {
        render_classic_text(state, txt, x, y, float(text::size_from_font_id(font_id)), enabled, c, text::get_bm_font(state, font_id), font);
        return;
    }
    render_new_text(state, txt, enabled, x, y, float(text::size_from_font_id(font_id)), c, font);
}
 
void lines::set_y(float* v) {
    for(int32_t i = 0; i < static_cast<int32_t>(count); ++i) {
        buffer[i * 4] = static_cast<float>(i) / static_cast<float>(count - 1);
        buffer[i * 4 + 1] = 1.0f - v[i];
        buffer[i * 4 + 2] = 0.5f;
        buffer[i * 4 + 3] = v[i];
    }
    pending_data_update = true;
}
 
void lines::set_default_y() {
    for(int32_t i = 0; i < static_cast<int32_t>(count); ++i) {
        buffer[i * 4] = static_cast<float>(i) / static_cast<float>(count - 1);
        buffer[i * 4 + 1] = 0.5f;
        buffer[i * 4 + 2] = 0.5f;
        buffer[i * 4 + 3] = 0.5f;
    }
    pending_data_update = true;
}
 
void lines::bind_buffer() {
    if(buffer_handle == 0) {
        glGenBuffers(1, &buffer_handle);
 
        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, buffer_handle);
        glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(GLfloat) * count * 4, nullptr, GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW);
    }
    if(buffer && pending_data_update) {
        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, buffer_handle);
        glBufferSubData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0, sizeof(GLfloat) * count * 4, buffer);
        pending_data_update = false;
    }
 
    glBindVertexBuffer(0, buffer_handle, 0, sizeof(GLfloat) * 4);
}
 
bool msaa_enabled(sys::state const& state) {
    return state.open_gl.msaa_enabled;
}
 
image load_stb_image(simple_fs::file& file) {
    int32_t file_channels = 4;
    int32_t size_x = 0;
    int32_t size_y = 0;
    auto content = simple_fs::view_contents(file);
    auto data = stbi_load_from_memory(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t const*>(content.data), int32_t(content.file_size), &size_x, &size_y, &file_channels, 4);
    return image(data, size_x, size_y, 4);
}
 
GLuint make_gl_texture(uint8_t* data, uint32_t size_x, uint32_t size_y, uint32_t channels) {
    GLuint texture_handle;
    glGenTextures(1, &texture_handle);
    const GLuint internalformats[] = { GL_R8, GL_RG8, GL_RGB8, GL_RGBA8 };
    const GLuint formats[] = { GL_RED, GL_RG, GL_RGB, GL_RGBA };
    if(texture_handle) {
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture_handle);
        glTexStorage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 1, internalformats[channels - 1], size_x, size_y);
        glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, size_x, size_y, formats[channels - 1], GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, data);
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
    }
 
    return texture_handle;
}
GLuint make_gl_texture(simple_fs::directory const& dir, native_string_view file_name) {
    auto file = open_file(dir, file_name);
    if(!file)
        return 0;
    auto image = load_stb_image(*file);
    return make_gl_texture(image.data, image.size_x, image.size_y, image.channels);
}
 
void set_gltex_parameters(GLuint texture_handle, GLuint texture_type, GLuint filter, GLuint wrap) {
    glBindTexture(texture_type, texture_handle);
    if(filter == GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST || filter == GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR) {
        glTexParameteri(texture_type, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, filter);
        glTexParameteri(texture_type, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
        glGenerateMipmap(texture_type);
    } else {
        glTexParameteri(texture_type, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, filter);
        glTexParameteri(texture_type, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
    }
    glTexParameteri(texture_type, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, wrap);
    glTexParameteri(texture_type, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, wrap);
    glBindTexture(texture_type, 0);
}
 
GLuint load_texture_array_from_file(simple_fs::file& file, int32_t tiles_x, int32_t tiles_y) {
    auto image = load_stb_image(file);
 
    GLuint texture_handle = 0;
    glGenTextures(1, &texture_handle);
    if(texture_handle) {
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, texture_handle);
 
        size_t p_dx = image.size_x / tiles_x; // Pixels of each tile in x
        size_t p_dy = image.size_y / tiles_y; // Pixels of each tile in y
        glTexImage3D(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, 0, GL_RGBA, GLsizei(p_dx), GLsizei(p_dy), GLsizei(tiles_x * tiles_y), 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, NULL);
        glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, image.size_x);
        glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_IMAGE_HEIGHT, image.size_y);
 
        for(int32_t x = 0; x < tiles_x; x++)
            for(int32_t y = 0; y < tiles_y; y++)
                glTexSubImage3D(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, 0, 0, 0, GLint(x * tiles_x + y), GLsizei(p_dx), GLsizei(p_dy), 1, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ((uint32_t const*)image.data) + (x * p_dy * image.size_x + y * p_dx));
 
        set_gltex_parameters(texture_handle, GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST, GL_REPEAT);
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, 0);
        glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, 0);
        glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_IMAGE_HEIGHT, 0);
    }
    return texture_handle;
}
 
} // namespace ogl